This racial resentment typically peaks after periods of significant inclusion efforts, for instance, in response to reconstruction in the 1860s, the human rights movements of the 1950s and 1960s and most recently as a response to the presidency of Barack Obama in 2009. Long before this administration, there has been a historical pattern of intense resistance to African-American enfranchisement. There was a time when being black in America meant you were most likely descended from one or more enslaved Africans who had survived the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Race and ethnicity in the United States is a complex topic because the United States of America has a racially and ethnically diverse population. The US will become ‘minority white’ in 2045, Census projects ... How New Racial Demographics are Remaking America," was released earlier this year. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, slavery was the law in every one of the 13 colonies, North and South alike, and was employed by its most prominent citizens, including many of the founders of the new United States. "Not only is this something not to be ashamed of, it is something to be embraced," he said. African-American, as described by Carr, is an attempt to acknowledge the source of Black Americans' origins. All of which makes her uniquely situated to understand what successful African-American women – and all black women – are up against. Throughout the 17th century, European settlers in North America turned to enslaved Africans as a cheaper, more plentiful labor source than indentured servants, who were mostly poor Europeans. However, the historical Black and African American experience in America has and continues to be characterized by trauma and violence more often than for their White counterparts and impacts emotional and mental health of both youth and … At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. Overall, mental health conditions occur in Black and African American (B/AA) people in America at about the same or less frequency than in White Americans. According to Matthew Restall's Black Conquistadors (pdf), between 1524 and 1528, Garrido was a resident of Mexico City, and on February 10, 1525, he was granted a … In many ways my research on African-American students reflects my own experiences as a black male negotiating the challenges of being in predominantly white academic environments. Life in a Slave Society When captive Africans first set foot in North America, they found themselves in the midst of a slave society. With the number of African immigrants in the U.S. nearly tripling since 1990, the use of "African American" is becoming increasingly strained. It led to a new subject category (“Woman Slaves”) in the Library of Congress and was voted as being among the 100 most admired American history books by the Organization of American Historians.